REVIEW PAPER
Effect of probiotics and prebiotics on oral mucosa – a mini review
1
Student Research Group at the Chair and Department of Oral Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
2
Chair and Department of Oral Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
Corresponding author
Emanuela Bis
Studenckie Koło Naukowe przy Katedrze i Zakładzie Medycyny Jamy Ustnej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Chodźki 6, 20-093, Lublin, Polska
Studenckie Koło Naukowe przy Katedrze i Zakładzie Medycyny Jamy Ustnej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Chodźki 6, 20-093, Lublin, Polska
Med Srod. 2024;27(3):115-119
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction and objective:
As the field of medicine continues to evolve dynamically, the spotlight increasingly falls on probiotics – beneficial living microorganisms, and prebiotics – substances impervious to digestive enzymes. The aim of this review is to present current knowledge about probiotics and prebiotics and their impact on the oral mucosa based on scientific publications of online databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar.
Brief description of the state of knowledge:
The findings highlight probiotics’ efficacy in reducing periodontitis-related bacteria and Candida, which is responsible for oral candidiasis. Probiotics have been further demonstrated to effectively lessen the severity of gingivitis, reduce plaque accumulation in moderate to severe gingivitis cases, and significantly decrease the levels of inflammatory cytokines: Interleukin 8 (IL-8) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). The potential of probiotics in diminishing sulfur compound derivatives also indicates their usefulness in halitosis prevention and treatment. In addition, in vitro and animal model studies also underscore their possible role in hindering the progression of oral cancer. Prebiotics are known to promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms and enhance the effectiveness of probiotics. This synergistic effect is intended to re-establish microbiome balance in patients, a goal unattainable through traditional treatment methods.
Conclusion:
Probiotics and prebiotics are pivotal in impacting oral mucosa health by managing specific pathogens.
As the field of medicine continues to evolve dynamically, the spotlight increasingly falls on probiotics – beneficial living microorganisms, and prebiotics – substances impervious to digestive enzymes. The aim of this review is to present current knowledge about probiotics and prebiotics and their impact on the oral mucosa based on scientific publications of online databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar.
Brief description of the state of knowledge:
The findings highlight probiotics’ efficacy in reducing periodontitis-related bacteria and Candida, which is responsible for oral candidiasis. Probiotics have been further demonstrated to effectively lessen the severity of gingivitis, reduce plaque accumulation in moderate to severe gingivitis cases, and significantly decrease the levels of inflammatory cytokines: Interleukin 8 (IL-8) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). The potential of probiotics in diminishing sulfur compound derivatives also indicates their usefulness in halitosis prevention and treatment. In addition, in vitro and animal model studies also underscore their possible role in hindering the progression of oral cancer. Prebiotics are known to promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms and enhance the effectiveness of probiotics. This synergistic effect is intended to re-establish microbiome balance in patients, a goal unattainable through traditional treatment methods.
Conclusion:
Probiotics and prebiotics are pivotal in impacting oral mucosa health by managing specific pathogens.
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