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PRACA POGLĄDOWA
Środowiskowe narażenie na metylortęć – jako czynnik ryzyka zaburzeń neurorozwojowych
 
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Ukryj
1
Instytut Medycyny Pracy i Zdrowia Środowiskowego Dyrektor: dr hab. n. med. R. Złotkowska
 
2
Katedra i Zakład Higieny Uniwersytetu Medycznego we Wrocławiu Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. K. Pawlas
 
 
Autor do korespondencji
Henryka Langauer-Lewowicka   

Instytut Medycyny Pracy i Zdrowia Środowiskowego 41-200 Sosnowiec ul. Kościelna 13, tel. 32 266 08 85–89 w. 200
 
 
Med Srod. 2017;20(4):45-60
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
STRESZCZENIE
Powszechnie wiadomo iż narażenie na metylortęć (MeHg) wywołuje uszkodzenie wielu narządów. Prezentowany artykuł poglądowy przedstawia aktualne informacje, dotyczące ryzyka wystąpienia zaburzeń neurorozwojowych, wywołanych pre- i postnatalnym kontaktem z MeHg poprzez spożywanie ryb i ssaków morskich. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono dzieciom z rejonów, w których owoce morza stanowią podstawę diety. U osób których dieta zawiera takie produkty, dochodzi do zaburzeń funkcji ruchowych, deficytów uwagi, upośledzenia rozwoju umysłowego. Mimo szeroko prowadzonych badań, nie ustalono dotąd progowej dawki neurotoksycznej dla MeHg. Redukcja zagrożenia może przynieść znaczne korzyści Europie, zwłaszcza jej południowym krajom, gdzie w codziennym jadłospisie ryby stanowią znaczącą pozycję.

Human exposure to methylmercury (MeHg) has long been known to produce disorders in various organ systems. The aim of this paper is to present current information about the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders due to pre- and post-natal exposure to MeHg via consumption of fish or marine mammals. Special attention is paid to long-term consequences of prenatal exposure on child development in communities with chronic highlevel dietary exposure to MeHg. This exposure is significantly associated with motor disorders, attention deficit, and mental retardation. Despite extensive research, the threshold dose for MeHg neurotoxic effect is still unclear, particularly when it comes to subtle effects on neurodevelopmental disorders. There are some economic consequences of prenatal MeHg exposure. A reduction of this exposure will bring large-scale social benefits to Europe, mainly to southern countries.
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