LIST DO REDAKCJI
Wpływ dymu tytoniowego na płodność kobiety
Więcej
Ukryj
1
Katedra Biotechnologii Zwierząt, Wydział Hodowli i Biologii Zwierząt, Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowie. Kierownik katedry: prof. dr hab. D. Zięba-Przybylska
Med Srod. 2015;18(2):11-16
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
STRESZCZENIE
Pomimo coraz bardziej zaostrzonych przepisów oraz wzrastającej świadomości społeczeństwa na temat negatywnych skutków palenia papierosów, liczba palaczy na całym świecie z roku na rok wzrasta. W dalszym ciągu to mężczyźni należą do przeważającej grupy osób uzależnionych, jednak liczba palących kobiet niestety zwiększa się. W tej grupie znajdują się także kobiety ciężarne, w przypadku których substancje zawarte w dymie tytoniowym mają negatywny wpływ na rozwijający się płód.
Zostało już udowodnione, że zarówno aktywne jak i bierne palenie papierosów może prowadzić do schorzeń układu sercowo-naczyniowego, udaru mózgu, nowotworów płuc i krtani oraz sprzyjać rozwojowi miażdżycy. W ostatnich latach coraz więcej badań dotyczy również zaburzeń układu endokrynnego oraz płodności u palaczy. U kobiet palących obserwuje się takie zaburzenia jak: nieregularne cykle menstruacyjne i zaburzenia funkcji jajników, a także wcześniejszą menopauzę. Z kolei u kobiet ciężarnych palących lub narażonych na działanie dymu tytoniowego wyższe jest ryzyko poronień oraz powikłań przy porodzie. Szkodliwe składniki dymu tytoniowego, które dostają się do organizmu matki powodują zaburzenia funkcji łożyska oraz są przyczyną nieprawidłowego rozwoju płodu.
Over the years, the regularity laws about smoking in public places have been more and more restrictive due to the growing awareness of health problems caused by smoking tobacco. Despite that, the global number of smokers is increasing. Men are still the majority of addicted people but the number of women smoking is also high. Among them are pregnant women, in which case, the negative health effects of tobacco smoke also affect the fetus. It is well known that active as well as passive smoking can lead to cardiovascular diseases, strokes, lung and laryngeal cancers and promotes atherosclerosis. Recently, there has been a growing scientific interest in dysfunction of endocrine system and fertility observed in smokers. Women addicted to smoking often have menstrual cycle disorders, ovulatory dysfunction and early menopause. In the case of pregnant women exposed to tobacco smoke, the risk of miscarriage or complication during the childbirth is higher. Harmful tobacco smoke components delivered to the maternal organism cause disruption of the placenta and abnormal fetus development.
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