RESEARCH PAPER
The effects of biodiesel and its blends with diesel oil on the emission of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons
1
Zakład Szkodliwości Chemicznych i Toksykologii Genetycznej Instytutu Medycyny Pracy i Zdrowia Środowiskowego
Kierownik Zakładu: dr hab. n. med. A. Sobczak, Dyrektor Instytutu: dr n. med. P.Z. Brewczyński
2
Zakład Badań Silników Instytutu Badań i Rozwoju Motoryzacji BOSMAL Sp. z o.o.
Kierownik Zakładu: dr P. Bielaczyc, Prezes Zarządu: dr hab. inż. A. Świątek
3
Zakład Chemii Ogólnej i Nieorganicznej, Wydział Farmaceutyczny z Oddziałem Medycyny Laboratoryjnej
Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny, Kierownik Zakładu: prof. dr hab. n. med. A. Sobczak, Dziekan Wydziału: dr hab. n. farm. S. Boryczka
Corresponding author
Adam Prokopowicz
Instytut Medycyny Pracy i Zdrowia Środowiskowego ul. Kościelna 13, 41-200 Sosnowiec
Instytut Medycyny Pracy i Zdrowia Środowiskowego ul. Kościelna 13, 41-200 Sosnowiec
Med Srod. 2013;16(4):57-63
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Background: In recent times, the emphasis is placed on the use of renewable fuels as well as biodiesel as an attractive alternative to conventional diesel fuel. Due to the fact that the impact of biodiesel on various chemical compounds exhaust emissions is not completely characterized, we have evaluated the emissions of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons in relation to biodiesel content in conventional diesel fuel.
Material and Methods:
In thestudy we have assessed the emission of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylens during New European Driving Cycle NEDC for a passenger car with a diesel engine using the following fuels: 100% diesel fuel (B0), 100% rapeseed methyl esters (B100), 7, 15 and 30% rapeseed methyl esters in diesel fuel (B7, B15, B30), and 30% hydrotreated vegetable oil in diesel fuel (HVO30).
Results:
Among all determined compounds, benzene and toluene were emittedin the largest quantities. Higher emissions were determinedduring urban driving cycle then during extraurbandriving cycle. A clear trend was observed whenalong with increasing amount of added rapeseed methylesters the emission increased. However, additive of HVOdecreased the emission of the most volatile aromaticcompounds even when compared to conventional dieselfuel. During extra-urban driving cycle the emission wassignificantly lower and comparable for most fuels tested.Nevertheless in the context of conventional diesel fuel,lower emission for fuels with biodiesel was observed.
Conclusions:
The results have indicated the increase in benzeneand toluene exhaust emissions mostly during urban drivingcycle and its decrease during extra-urban driving cyclein NEDC test with increasing content of fatty acidsmethyl esters in diesel fuel. The emission in urban cyclewas probably influenced by cold-start condition duringthis cycle. Generation of volatile aromatic hydrocarbonsmay be related to higher density of fuel with biodiesel incomparison to density of diesel oil or higher amount ofunsaturated bounds in these fuels. Additives of HVO todiesel fuel appeared to be very effective on exhaust emissionof aromatic hydrocarbons_
Background: In recent times, the emphasis is placed on the use of renewable fuels as well as biodiesel as an attractive alternative to conventional diesel fuel. Due to the fact that the impact of biodiesel on various chemical compounds exhaust emissions is not completely characterized, we have evaluated the emissions of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons in relation to biodiesel content in conventional diesel fuel.
Material and Methods:
In thestudy we have assessed the emission of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylens during New European Driving Cycle NEDC for a passenger car with a diesel engine using the following fuels: 100% diesel fuel (B0), 100% rapeseed methyl esters (B100), 7, 15 and 30% rapeseed methyl esters in diesel fuel (B7, B15, B30), and 30% hydrotreated vegetable oil in diesel fuel (HVO30).
Results:
Among all determined compounds, benzene and toluene were emittedin the largest quantities. Higher emissions were determinedduring urban driving cycle then during extraurbandriving cycle. A clear trend was observed whenalong with increasing amount of added rapeseed methylesters the emission increased. However, additive of HVOdecreased the emission of the most volatile aromaticcompounds even when compared to conventional dieselfuel. During extra-urban driving cycle the emission wassignificantly lower and comparable for most fuels tested.Nevertheless in the context of conventional diesel fuel,lower emission for fuels with biodiesel was observed.
Conclusions:
The results have indicated the increase in benzeneand toluene exhaust emissions mostly during urban drivingcycle and its decrease during extra-urban driving cyclein NEDC test with increasing content of fatty acidsmethyl esters in diesel fuel. The emission in urban cyclewas probably influenced by cold-start condition duringthis cycle. Generation of volatile aromatic hydrocarbonsmay be related to higher density of fuel with biodiesel incomparison to density of diesel oil or higher amount ofunsaturated bounds in these fuels. Additives of HVO todiesel fuel appeared to be very effective on exhaust emissionof aromatic hydrocarbons_
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| eISSN: | 2084-6312 |
| ISSN: | 1505-7054 |
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